
The Immune Plasma Algorithm can be applied to practical engineering problems such as wireless sensor network deployment, coverage optimization, and routing performance evaluation. This article explains how IPA can support simulation-based research and real-world optimization studies.

The Immune Plasma Algorithm (IPA) is a bio-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithm based on immune plasma treatment. This article explains the algorithm in detail, including initialization, infection spreading, donor and receiver selection, plasma transfer, donor update, computational complexity, and practical implementation notes.